Epiregulin is a member of the epidermal growth factor （EGF） family of proteins that plays a crucial role in cell signaling and regulation. It acts as a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） and is involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation. Epiregulin exerts its cellular activities by binding to EGFR and activating downstream signaling pathways, such as the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, which regulate gene expression and cellular responses. The dysregulation of epiregulin signaling has been implicated in cancer development, metastasis, and resistance to therapy, highlighting its importance in cellular homeostasis and disease progression.